Regularização migratória e segurança

a criação do acordo sobre “Residência do Mercosul”

Abstract

Brazilian and South American migration policies refer to the first decades of the century. XIX. Actions aimed at building nationality in the countries of the continent, promoting immigration and, subsequently, restricting the entry of foreigners linked to nationalist discourses stand out as the most well-known and analyzed phases in academic literature. The Southern Common Market (Mercosur) is emblematic in this sense, as it is the cradle of the Agreement on Residence for the Mercosur States Parties, a symbolic norm for more enthusiastic prospects of recognizing migration as a right. The Agreement is the mark of an inflection point that, supposedly, would mean the transition from a security paradigm, hitherto present in the continent, to another one of more humanitarian treatments. And, finally, the first “regional” migratory agreement in South America would be consolidated, in which several countries would be governed by the same regulations. In view of this situation, some questions emerge as guiding the article: There is a change of conception in dealing with international migration in South America (and consequently in Brazil) in the early 2000s, or the national security paradigm is still active in new ways? How did Mercosur become the center of this debate? How did the Residency Agreement for nationals of Mercosur States Parties come about, and what migratory concept does it carry? How was the participation of the countries, especially Brazil and Argentina, in the elaboration of the Agreement?